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====Immediate Aftermath of the Assassination====
[[File: Ass of caesar three.jpg|200px300px|thumb|left| A cameo of Mark Anthony]]
The death of Caesar was shocking, but the assailants expected that the people of Rome would rally to them and support their actions. However, most of the population remained wary and neutral, while many people and especially the political gangs, who controlled large areas of the city, were angered by the killing of Caesar. In the days after the assassination, there was an eerie calm in the city. Mark Anthony became the de-facto leader of the Caesarean party in the city, even though he had fallen out of favor in recent years with Caesar.<ref> Osgood, Josiah. Caesar's Legacy: Civil War and the Emergence of the Roman Empire (New York: Cambridge University Press (USA), 2006), p. 113</ref> He arranged a political compromise that allowed the killers of Caesar to go unpunished and for those who had been appointed by the dead man to remain in office. This made it possible to maintain some semblance of order in the city. The lower class became increasingly incensed when they learned more about the death of Caesar. <ref> Plutarch, Life of Anthony, xxiv</ref>