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===The Seleucid Empire===
[[File: Seleucid_Empire.gif|300px|thumbnail|left| Map of the Seleucid Empire at Its Height]]
After Alexander died in 323 BC, his vast empire was divided among his Macedonian generals who were known as the <i>Diadochi</i>. Disagreements over succession were immediately apparent, so the generals met in a city called Triparadeisos, Syria in 320 BC in order to reach an amicable settlement. Although the agreement led to civil war among the Macedonians, which are known as the Wars of the Diadochi, a general named Seleucus walked away with the Babylonian “satrapy,” which comprised all of Mesopotamia, part of the Levant, and most of Persia. <ref> Bryce, pgs. 159-161</ref>