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→Changing Culture
There were other cultural responses. In the 16th century, artists began to increasingly use winter and winter-like scenes in their paintings. This was relatively rare before this period. The use of clouds and winter scenes appears to have peaked between 1600-1649 in paintings. Ice skating began to become a popular sport. From 1608-1814, London had a Frost Fair that included ice skating on the Thames and other winter activities. The fact that rivers froze deep enough to enable prolonged periods of ice skating had not occurred before. In Scotland, it is likely curling began to become a popular sport during the Little Ice age, as long periods of frozen weather enabled this sport to be played for a long period of the year. By around the mid 19th century, the climate began to take a clear warming trend, resulting in temperate conditions once again returning to many parts of Europe.
==Changing CultureConflict and Climate== Perhaps two great conflicts were affected by the Little Ice Age. The first is the Thirty Years war, which lasted between 1618-1648. This was a period of great strife and religious wars between Protestants and Catholics in German, France, Northern Europe, and other regions across Europe being affected. This changed the course of European history, changing the religious makeup of the continent and weakening the Catholic Church in much of Northern Europe. It also helped lead to the rise of France as a major power. This was also was partly triggered by increasing crop failures and civil strife caused by climatic events that led to inter-community tensions that pushed the different sides into conflict. The second great conflict in this time was the French Revolution. In the late 18th century, increasing crop failures led to the peasants having greater difficulties paying their taxes to the wealth landlords and nobles of France. Soon, the population became fed up with their high taxes and poor harvests. The revolutionary cause gained greater appeal and eventually mass riots could not be curtailed, where eventually the Bastille was overrun and eventually Louis XIII was overthrown. A period of blood conflict followed that eventually led to the rise of Napoleon. In large part, discontent that was created in this period was linked with climatic events that shaped the continent in the late 18th century that led to the fall of the French monarchy and rise of the Napoleonic Age.
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