Changes

Already in 1899, however, people realized that gasoline gave a longer range. Hybrid vehicles began to be created to combine the benefits of electric cars with gasoline-powered vehicles. Nevertheless, by this point, vehicles' journeys were usually short distances, and trains still typically carried people over longer distances. Oil was exploited but not widely distributed yet. This gave the electric car an advantage in costs, and generally, electric cars were easier to operate than their gasoline cousins, requiring no starting crank and constant gear shifting. <ref>For more on the growth and expansion of electric cars in the late 1800s and early 1900s, see: Anderson, C. D., & Anderson, J. (2010). <i>[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0048ELGX4/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B0048ELGX4&linkCode=as2&tag=dailyh0c-20&linkId=84f22c0e52565f1addd0f8273f01c402 Electric and hybrid cars: a history] (2nd ed)</i>. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, pg. 111 </ref>

[[File:1280px-1925 Ford Model T touring (1).jpg|thumbnail|left|300px|Figure 2. Arguably the Model T led to the collapse of the electric car and research into car batteries.]]

What also gave early electric vehicles an advantage over gasoline cars throughout the 1890s and into the early 1900s was that despite improvements of the internal combustible engine that happened throughout the mid to late 1800s, gasoline cars were seen as 'dirty.' They were also noisy, and changing gears was not made much easier in cars during that era.

By 1912, gasoline-powered vehicles also incorporated an electric starter, making them just as easy to start as electric cars. This advance further deteriorated sales of electric cars, relegating them to near extinction. The discovery of oil in places such as Texas in the early 1900s and increasing road networks connecting large cities further helped decline electric cars. Oil prices in the 1920s and 1930s were low, making it affordable for people to power their cars. By 1935, electric cars were largely extinct from roads throughout the world.<ref>For more on how the Model T helped bring the downfall of early electric vehicles, see: Sato, T. (2015). <i>Smart grid standards: specifications, requirements, and technologies</i>. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Inc, pg. 161. </ref>

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==Modern Electric Car==

From the early 1900s to about the 1960s, electric car batteries effectively did not change. Only in the 1970s, during the first major oil crisis that led to the rapid increase in oil prices, electric cars and electric batteries became of interest. Even in the early 1970s, electric car capabilities were not that much more effective than their early industrial age predecessors.