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===First Signs of Conflict===

[[File:Warsaw_Pact_and_NATO.png|300px|thumb|left|The Warsaw Pact and NATO in the Cold War]]

The differing zones of occupation and goals invariably led to the first conflicts of the Cold War. Greece was engulfed by a civil war between pro-Western and Communist factions. The Soviets also threatened Turkey over the rights to the important Black Sea straits. It was due to this situation that President Truman announced the Truman Doctrine in 1947. The United States offered substantial military assistance to both nations to prevent an expansion of Soviet influence. With this aid, coupled with economic help, communism did not spread in either country. The two sides solidified into alliances: the Warsaw Pact dominated by the Soviets and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization-led by the U.S. <ref>Caldwell, Curt, ''[https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1107480957/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=1107480957&linkCode=as2&tag=dailyh0c-20&linkId=61ed535dfbb16cd1d8615c703ce4c0e5 NSC 68 and the Political Economy of the Early Cold War.]'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Page 211-215.</ref>

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