Changes

==Transformation to Modern Institutions==

By the 18th century, secular hospitals were now found in many parts of Protestant Europe. This further led to the idea that hospitals should be separate from church institutions and doctors were no longer required to also have religious and medical training. During this time in the Age of Enlightenment, the concept of departments or wards within hospitals developed. Patients began to be differentiated between those with acute or less severe symptoms as well as the type of condition they had. Private hospitals, or those funded by independently wealthy individuals, as charities began to appear in major cities such as London. Particularly in the 18th and 19th centuries, as healthcare was not always easily accessible to the poor, many wealthy individuals began to take responsibility in building hospitals. This, in effect, was replacing the church as the former patron of hospitals in places where Catholicism had been removed.

During the 19th century, hospital care was now expanding rapidly and Protestant denominations, similar to the Catholic Church before, had begun sponsoring and supporting hospitals. Although forms of nursing had been around for centuries, it was generally less formal and often not professional in its utilization in hospitals. It was during the Crimean War that Florence Nightingale wrote her influential book <i>Notes on Nursing</i> that helped develop nursing into a profession. She utilized money raised to establish a training school at St. Thomas' Hospital in London, making that hospital to be the first to formally train nurses. Throughout the 1860s, nursing training programs were improved and professionalized, with nursing being offered as professional training in newly established and older hospitals. During subsequent wars in the 1870-1880s, field hospitals staffed by professionally trained nurses had dramatically improved the chances for soldiers being saved from battlefield injuries.<ref>For more on nursing and its development, see: Hawkins, S. (2010). Nursing and women’s labour in the nineteenth century: the quest for independence. London ; New York: Routledge.</ref>

==Conclusion==